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M. P. DEEGAN. CONSTRUCTION AND VENTILATION 0F SANITARY DEVICES, &c., No. 270,761. Patented Jan. 16,1888.

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kyf/flzziw er, amy- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MATHEW F. DEEGAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T HENRY HOOPER, OF SAME PLACE.

CONSTRUCTION AND VENTILATION OF SANITARY DEVICES, 84C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 270,761, dated January 16. 1883. I

Application filed September 13, 188:2. (No model.)

To all whom 2t may concern 1 Be it known that I, MATH W F. DEEGAN, a citizen of the United States,-residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illi- 5 nois', have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Ventilation of Sanitary Devices, &c.; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form .a part of this specification.-

1 My invention has reference to an improved means for ventilating sinks, basins, baths,

. closets, urinals, 83c.

The object of the invention is to produce and maintain an active draft in closets, 850., which drives out all offensiveodors and keeps the fixtures and surrounding atmosphere pure and odorless.

I provide a means for introducing fresh air from the exterior of the building into a space 2 5 where the impurities, odors, gases, 850., are accumulated, and for circulating the air therein,

and then conveying it away in ventilatorpipes which lead upward. .By the same sys tem of piping in which the air is introduced for ventilating purposes the overflow from the various fixtures is taken care of and conveyed away. I am enabled to dispense with traps and other sealing devices, and use a plain waste-pipe, which greatly facilitates the rapid 5 movement and escape of all matter passing into it.

The accompanying drawings illustrate what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

0 Figure 1 is a section of a room, showing a bath-tub, closet, and basin with my devices applied, apart of the casing of the several parts being removed-to show the construction and arrangement. Fig. 2 is a section of the 5 same on the line 00 p0, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

I have shown three appliances-a bath-tub,

a closet, and a basin or sink-to indicate the general adaptability of my invention to such uses. It will be understood, however, that the invention may be applied to any one of them separately, or to two of them or a series of any one variety, to urinals or a series of such, and 5 to all constructions needing ventilation to carry off offensive smells and deleterious gases.

H is a section of a room orapartment in which the fixtures are placed. A is the bathtub, B the closet, and U the basin.

W is the waste-pipe, which carries off the water and other matter from the fixtures. It has connections to each of them, and is a plain pipe without trap orother sealing contrivance. At proper points in its length between the bath-tub and closet and between the basin and closet stop-coeks w are provided, which close the pipe tightly and prevent the escape of odors from the closet-connection to the bathtub and to the basin. As shown in the drawings, one of the cooks is situated in the wastepipe near the bath-rub, and the other in the waste-pipe on the other side'of the closet to prevent the gases reaching the bath-tub and basin; 7

It will be understood that the fixtures A B O are fitted with a water-supply in any usual or suitable way. They have overflow-passages a I) c, which discharge as hereinafter set forth.

The 'entilator-pipes DD D are constructed with widened mouths, and arranged to receive the air and its impregnating-gases from each of the fixtures A B U and deliver it into the common uptakeD, which discharges it into the atmosphere above the house. The construction. and ramification of these ventilator-pipes are varied according to the difi'erent situations in which they are used. When the closet or any other one of the fixtures is used alone the lateral branches will be dispensed with and the straight uptake and the branch, which is practically acontinuation of it,only used. The suction caused by the upward tendency of the gases in the ventilator-pipes is aided byan active circulation in the parts to be ventilated, 5 which is created by the joint operation with the ventilator-pipes of an air-induction pipe, E. This pipe E is provided with an entrancebranch, E, from the exterior of the building, and dischargebranehes E E E at the bath,

' therein contained before being caught up and carried away by the ventilator-pipes, thus taking up and driving out all the noxious odors and gases. ()rdinarily'these exits will be above the entrances to the ventilator-pipes, so that the discharge of the fresh air into the higher portions of the spaces to be ventilated will dislodge and start into movement the gases accumulated there and present them to the ventilator-pipe to be carried off.

The trap or other sealing device which is the occasion of so much annoyance from choking and the giving off of gases from the load that will lodge in it, particularly when the flow of water is not very strong, is dispensed with. The plain waste-pipe facilitates and insures the speedy and complete removal of'all matter which enters it, and with much less flow of water than when a trap is used.

The air-supply pipe E performs a twofold function. The first has already been described in connection with the Ventilation of the fixtures. Thesecond is also important,and is that of receiving the overflowfrom the several recep tacles when, by accident or otherwise, they become overfilled, as in the case of the bath or basin, by allowing the faucets to run toolong when the cooks 10 are closed. The openings of the pipe E at the several points, like the ends of the ventilator-pipes, are provided with funnel-shaped mouths, and are, as will be observed, located directly under the overflowpassages to I) 0, respectively, so that when the water rises so high in the receptacles as to flow out through these passages it will be caught by the mouths of the pipe E, carried otf, and discharged through the entrance-pipe E into the outside air. The water which is ordinarily thus discharged is pure and inoffensive; but a suitable arrangement to carry it to the sewer may be provided. The entrance-branch E may be led to any desired point before it is cut ofl", so that the discharge of the overflow-water will be at a convenient place. Gare, however, should be taken to have the situation such as will offer no obstacle to a steady and ample supply of pure air.

WVhen the receptacles are overflowing no gases or odors are usually perceptible, so that the use of the pipe E for this purpose does not interfere with its function as a promoter of ventilation.

When so desired, even where the ventilatorpipes from several fixtures all discharge into one common uptake, as shown in Fig. 1, a separate air-supply pipe having an entrance, E, and draft-box F may be placed upon each fixture.

The mouths of the air-pipe E being entirely disconnected from the other pipes, the opportunity for counter-currents, and the consequent destruction of its efficacy, is obviated.

As already indicated, 1 do not confinemyself to the details shown in the drawings.

I have shown theseveral receptacles grouped, as they frequently are in residences.

The principle involved in this invention is applicable to all varieties of sanitary constructions, and the method of ventilation equally effective, whether one or more of the fixtures be used.

The funnel-shaped months may be dispensed with; but they increase the eflicacy of the pipes.

What I claim is- 1. A closet or other sanitary construction with a trapless waste-pipe having cocks, as described, in combination with an air-duct bringing fresh airinto the space to be ventilated, said air-duct being formed with a free mouth disconnected from the apparatus, so as to obviate the liability of counter-currents, and of a ventilating-pipe for receiving and conveying away the foul air, as herein set forth.

2. Thecombinat'iomwith the commode, bath, basin, or similar fixtures and a trapless wastepipe, of the stop-cocks ww for shutting off the communication between the several fixtures and ventilating pipes, substantially as described. V

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MATHEW F. DEEGAN.

Witnesses:

GEO. P. CUNNINGHAM, HENRY HOOPER. 

